The butler matrix 3 is such a network, as shown in fig. Optomicrowave, butler matrixes based frontend for a. Two additional crossovers are needed when the matrix is to be integrated in the same plane as the radiating elements forming a fully integrated multibeam linear array antenna. By using the narrow beams available from the butler matrix, it is possible for a receiver to increase the gain in the. Ready for the future of highdefinition video switching, the vm0808ha is ideal for applications where the routing of 4k digital signals is required, such as in.
Model rfp4339 operates in the 815980 mhz frequency range with an amplitude balance of 0. The 8x8 butlermatrix network has been constructed on a single board surface of an. To expand operational bandwidth of the butler matrix, a threebranch line directional coupler has been employed as. The 8x8 butler matrix analysis by using the developed signal flow. A new compact layout topology for the 8x8 butlermatrix beamforming network is presented in this work. The most important beamforming networks used for multiple beams with lineaire array are based on the butler matrix. A blue line shows how to obtain n beam patterns of an existing 8x8 butler matrix, and a red line shows n1 additional beam patterns and 2n1 beams obtained by using this switch network are shown on the right side. Since the simulation is performed considering ideal phase shifters, couplers and crossovers the result from physical implementation can be much worse. Design procedures the schematic of a 4 x 4 two layer butler matrix is shown in fig. Jun 27, 2017 a butler matrix beamforming network schematic left and final geometry right. The butler matrix is often utilized as part of the beam forming network for a phased array. The 16 pins of the matrix are hooked up to 16 pins of the arduino or genuino board.
Fortunately, such a network, better known as butler matrix, has been introduced in 23. When compared to a system involving direct, single ended ampli. Circles are 90 hybrids and numbers are phase shifts in units of. Controlling a dot matrix led display with a microcontroller. Guide for 8x8 dot matrix max7219 with arduino random. A simplified 16channel butler matrix for parallel excitation. The matrix is composed of four 3db90 directional couplers and two 45 phase shifters.
The order of the pins is assigned in two arrays in the code. A butler matrix beamforming network schematic left and final geometry right. Butler matrix for microstrip, for beam forming network. Sakakibara, 8x8 phased series fed patch antenna array at. I think the best option is to buy the dot matrix with the max7219 chip as a module. A butler matrix is a beamforming network used to feed a phased array of antenna elements. In this paper, the design of a planar new 8x8 butler matrix were designed to form the. The aten vancryst vm0808h 8x8 hdmi matrix switch is a distinct hdmi solution that offers an easy and affordable way to route any of 8 hdmi video sources to any of 8 hdmi displays, and view them in any arrangement. Its purpose is to control the direction of a beam, or beams, of radio transmission. Wideband butler matrix in microstripslot technology. Nevertheless, conventional butler matrix design often is implemented in a 2d structure in microstrip lines with a large layout. A simple switchedbeam antenna array based on a 8x8 butlermatrix network conference paper pdf available july 2006 with 1,111 reads how we measure reads. Originally, butler matrices have typically employed 90 branch line couplers.
A simplified 16channel butler matrix for parallel excitation with the birdcage modes at 7t. The uploader or another editor requests that a local copy of this file be kept. Optomicrowave, butler matrixes based frontend for a multi. Design and implementation of a wideband beamforming network. Suarez also used a butler matrix in his research 15,16. The dowkey microwave model 32048x8 is a 8x8 full fanout nonblocking solid state matrix that can connect any input to any one or multiple outputs using bnc female connectors on the inputs and outputs. By employing passive devices in a butterfly layout configuration, a completely planar microstrip 8x8 butler matrix to perform in the ism band of 2. The display used is a commercially available pcb mount 8 x 8 dot matrix rgb led display, with a total of 192 individual leds that are controlled by 32 control signals. A the two 8x8 butler matrices with the interface to drive them as a single 16x16 butler matrix, b 16 channel tr stripline array coil.
Rahim wireless communication centre, fakulti kejuruteraan elektrik. It serves to provide the necessary phase and power division necessary to the antenna elements for beam steering, depending on which input port of the matrix is selected. Unlike the conventional design, this device can be easily reconfigured into two 8x8 butler matrices. Butler was an employee of sanders associates in nashua, new hampshire, which is now part of bae. The butler matrix performs a spatial fast fourier transform and provides 2n orthogonal beams. Bialkowski school of itee, the university of queensland brisbane, australia email. Journal of telecommunications, volume april 68 optimum design.
Features broad operating frequency range optimized for the 2. Zmatrix impedance matrix of the ports of a system, satisfies the equation vzi. Microstrip technique is widely used in butler matrix due to its numerous advantages such as low profile, easy fabrication and low cost. This work proposes a new 16x16 butler matrix with wideband operation and compact size. Kr101772206b1 the beamforming capability improved butler. Systems design and optimization was based on experimental results and computer simulations. Wideband butler matrix in microstripslot technology siti zuraidah ibrahim and marek e.
Study of a planar topology butler matrix for printed multibeam. Butler matrix is divided into equal parts before the signal is ampli. Displays rowcolumnscanning rowcolumm scanning to control an 8x8 led matrix. Find the angle of the main beam for each antenna element at f2. While the license of this file may be compliant with the wikimedia commons, an editor has requested that the local copy be kept too. Design of an 8x8 crossconfiguration butler matrix with. Model 402, 8x8 butler matrix the model 402 is an eight antenna element to eight mode butler matrix modeforming network.
The aten vm0808ha 8x8 4k hdmi matrix switch supports 4k resolutions of uhd 3840 x 2160 and dci 4096 x 2160 with refresh rates of 30 hz 4. Pdf design and implementation of singlelayer 4x4 and 8x8 butler. Part of the discussion for next generation wireless communication is the ability to rapidly steer beams from antenna arrays at higher frequencies. Abstract this paper presents the design of an 8x8 butler matrix in microstrip technology used to superimpose orbital.
As can be seen in figure 5, the 4x4 butler matrix used includes two crossover couplers, 4 blocks of hybrid couplers 3db 90 and finally 2 phase shifters 45. Easytofabricate microstrip layout topologies are designed and constructed. A 4x4 butler matrix beamforming network implementation is presented in fig. A backtoback placed bilayer microstrip structure has been proposed to avoid using crossover. A new compact layout topology for the 8x8 butler matrix beamforming network is presented in this work. Suggested implementation of 8x8 led array to implement a matrix driver in hardware, we use a 3bit counter to control a decoder and several multiplexers.
Two potentiometers, connected to analog pins 0 and 1, control the movement of a lit led in the matrix. Pdf design and implementation of singlelayer 4x4 and 8x8. Design and implementation of a wideband beamforming. This version of the led backpack is designed for the 1. How would this influence the performance if it is deployed in. Steerable antennas for automotive communication systems. The max7219 chip makes it easier to control the dot matrix, by just using 3 digital pins of the arduino board. This version of the led backpack is designed for these very cute miniature 8x8 matrices.
A simple switchedbeam antenna array based on a 8x8 butler matrix network conference paper pdf available july 2006 with 1,111 reads how we measure reads. Product lines include programmable step attenuators including pin, fet, relay and edgeline technologies, resistive power splitters, dividers, high power up to watts and low passive im fixed attenuators, coaxial terminations, continuously. A simple switchedbeam antenna array based on a 8x8 butler. Led displays are often packaged as matrixes of leds arranged in rows of common anodes and columns of common cathodes, or the reverse.
Printed 4x4 butler matrix for beamsteering and mimo. The performance of the networks is evaluated by measuring their frequency response. In our example, almost all of the distributed element parameters for the transmission lines can be placed on a 50. These beams are linearly independent combinations of the array element patterns. Pdf singlelayer 4x4 and 8x8 butler matrices bms that operate in the l and s bands are implemented in this paper. Research on beamforming networks, specifically the butler matrix, has demonstrated powerful beamsteering capabilities through the use of passive component networks. Dissertation steerable antennas for automotive communication systems 2 abstract this research project undertakes a comprehensive analysis of rf beamforming techniques for design, simulation, fabrication, and measurement of butler matrix and rotman. The 3bit counter continuously counts from 0 to 7, incrementing once each clock cycle, and outputs the current count in binary representation as three bits. The simulated phase responses when port 1 is excited and phase. Product lines include programmable step attenuators including pin, fet, relay and edgeline technologies, resistive power splitters, dividers, high power up to watts and low passive im fixed attenuators, coaxial terminations. Operation at 36 ghz is achieved with a frequency bandwidth exceeding 400 mhz. This matrix generates a set of n orthogonal beams from the n antenna elements of an equispaced linear array. The 8x8 butler matrix network has been constructed on a single board surface of an.
Design and implementation of a 4x4 butlermatrix switched. Optimum design of butler matrix array is given below fig. This backpack solves the annoyance of using 16 pins or a bunch of chips by having an i2c constantcurrent matrix controller sit neatly on the back of the pcb. This image or media file may be available on the wikimedia commons as file. Pdf design and implementation of singlelayer 4x4 and. Electromagnetic wavelength introduction the objective of this project is to explore butler matrices for use as antenna beamforming in the xband and to simulate, test, and analyze the. Printed 4x4 butler matrix for beamsteering and mimo applications in 2. Implementation and measurements by designing a beamforming network capable to produce n different bi, a set of n different beams can be easily implemented. In figure 2 the construction of a 8x8 butler matrix by using the previous described building blocks is shown as well as an example of the differential phasedelay among the output for a single input.
Designing a butler matrix beamforming network with rf modeling. Design and implementation of singlelayer 4x4 and 8x8 butler matrices for multibeam antenna arrays article pdf available in international journal of antennas and propagation 20191. Fmcw radar with butler matrix for beam steering of phased. Allam 11122014 lectures 2 1show that a two element array oriented on yaxis with inter element spacing of d2. Design of butler matrix integrated with antenna array for beam forming fitri yuli zulkifli1, nurul chasanah2, basari3, dan eko tjipto rahardjo4 1,2,3,4antenna, propagation and microwave research group amrg dept. Design of butler matrix integrated with antenna array for. It is clearly seen how the functionality of generating a controlled. Microstrip ehf butler matrix design and realization. In order to further millimeterwave research in this area, this thesis presents a modified configuration of the butler matrix in siw that is physically reconfigurable. Fortunately, such a network, better known as butlermatrix, has been introduced in 23. The 8x8 butlermatrix network has been constructed on a single board surface of an extremely low cost dielectric material, the wellknown fr4. Design of 4x4 butler matrix by combining individual microwave blocks fig.
He reported a uniform narrowbeam switched array antenna system of. Design of an 8x8 crossconfiguration butler matrix with interchangeable 1d and 2d arrays. Four of the analog pins are used as digital inputs 16 through 19. As a matrix switch the vm0808h allows eight hdmi source devices to cross.
In this work we develop and test a simplified 16channel highpower butler matrix at 300 mhz. A butler matrix fed array can cover a sector of up to 360 depending on element patterns and spacing. The 8x8 architecture for butler matrix provided with reliable outputs and boardlevel implementation is less complex compared to a larger sized array. These multiple and simultaneously available beams can be generated through beamforming networks such as the butler matrix, of which its design is the focus of this thesis. Vishal bhame department of electronics and telecommunication, pune institute of computer technology, india, pune. Butler matrix design in preparation for this work, utler a wideband 8x8 butler matrix. In preparation for this work, a wideband 8x8 butler matrix using ro3003. The butler matrix was first described by jesse butler and ralph lowe in a paper titled beamforming matrix simplifies design of electronically scanned antennas, electronic design, volume 9, pp.
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